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Jul. 30th, 2012 09:10 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
transemacabreThe Kumans (aka Polovtsi) were one of the pagan Turkic-speaking nomad tribes that swept across the steppes of Eurasia into the Balkans and the Byzantine Empire. Crushed by the Mongol invasion in 1237, they sought refuge in Hungary, the Latin Empire, and Bulgaria, and their descendants assimilated into those societies. Although only a historical footnote now, between about 1055 and 1237, the Kumans were some of the fiercest and wiliest warriors in Eurasia.
As far as I'm aware, no study has been done on one of the, if not THE, most influential Kuman families, which produced several khans and which intermarried with European royalty.
Sharokan, aka Sharagan (Turkic: sazağan, dragon) and his brother Sugr, khans among the Kumans. Sharokan was defeated by the Russians in battle on the Sula river (a tributary of the Dnieper) in 1107. He is mentioned briefly in The Lay of Igor's Campaign.
Sharokan's daughter, married to David Sviatoslavich, son of Sviatoslav II of Kiev, according to V.F. Miller's Ocherki. If this is correct, she was presumably the mother of David's many children.
Syrchan (Turkic: sır + çan, silvered bell) and Atraka (Turkic: atrak, Turk), sons of Sharokan. Vladimir Monomakh drove out Atraka, sending him fleeing to Georgia, but Atraka returned shortly after Vladimir's death in 1125.
Atraka's daughter, Gurandukht, married King Davit IV of Georgia. Only Davit's eldest son, Demetre, is attested as having an Armenian mother, so it would seem that Gurandukht was the mother of his younger children: Vakhtang, Giorgi, Tamar, and Kata.
Könchek (Turkic: könchek, leather leggings) and Eltut (Turkic: el + tut, to hold a realm), sons of Atraka. Eltut died in battle in 1180. Könchek's campaign against Prince Igor Svyatoslavich was immortalized in The Lay of Igor's Campaign.
Könchek's daughter, married Vladimir Igorevich of Halych (their marriage is mentioned in The Lay of Igor's Campaign)
Yuri and Köten (Turkic: kot, trousers), sons of Könchek. Yuri died in a skirmish against the Mongols shortly before the Battle on the Kalka in 1223. Köten killed his wives and then himself in 1241 after being betrayed by the Hungarians.
Daniil, son of Köten, commanded the Kumans alongside his father at the Battle on the Kalka versus the Mongols.
Zayhan, successor and possibly son or son-in-law (??) of Köten khan, khan of the Kumans in Hungary at least as of the 1250s.
Erszébet, probably daughter of Zayhan khan, married King István V of Hungary in 1253.
As far as I'm aware, no study has been done on one of the, if not THE, most influential Kuman families, which produced several khans and which intermarried with European royalty.
Sharokan, aka Sharagan (Turkic: sazağan, dragon) and his brother Sugr, khans among the Kumans. Sharokan was defeated by the Russians in battle on the Sula river (a tributary of the Dnieper) in 1107. He is mentioned briefly in The Lay of Igor's Campaign.
Sharokan's daughter, married to David Sviatoslavich, son of Sviatoslav II of Kiev, according to V.F. Miller's Ocherki. If this is correct, she was presumably the mother of David's many children.
Syrchan (Turkic: sır + çan, silvered bell) and Atraka (Turkic: atrak, Turk), sons of Sharokan. Vladimir Monomakh drove out Atraka, sending him fleeing to Georgia, but Atraka returned shortly after Vladimir's death in 1125.
Atraka's daughter, Gurandukht, married King Davit IV of Georgia. Only Davit's eldest son, Demetre, is attested as having an Armenian mother, so it would seem that Gurandukht was the mother of his younger children: Vakhtang, Giorgi, Tamar, and Kata.
Könchek (Turkic: könchek, leather leggings) and Eltut (Turkic: el + tut, to hold a realm), sons of Atraka. Eltut died in battle in 1180. Könchek's campaign against Prince Igor Svyatoslavich was immortalized in The Lay of Igor's Campaign.
Könchek's daughter, married Vladimir Igorevich of Halych (their marriage is mentioned in The Lay of Igor's Campaign)
Yuri and Köten (Turkic: kot, trousers), sons of Könchek. Yuri died in a skirmish against the Mongols shortly before the Battle on the Kalka in 1223. Köten killed his wives and then himself in 1241 after being betrayed by the Hungarians.
Daniil, son of Köten, commanded the Kumans alongside his father at the Battle on the Kalka versus the Mongols.
Zayhan, successor and possibly son or son-in-law (??) of Köten khan, khan of the Kumans in Hungary at least as of the 1250s.
Erszébet, probably daughter of Zayhan khan, married King István V of Hungary in 1253.
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Date: 2012-08-10 08:26 pm (UTC)